pekko/akka-actor/src/main/scala/akka/dispatch/AbstractDispatcher.scala

/**
 * Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Typesafe Inc. <http://www.typesafe.com>
 */

package akka.dispatch

import java.util.concurrent._
import akka.event.Logging.Error
import akka.util.Duration
import akka.actor._
import akka.actor.ActorSystem
import scala.annotation.tailrec
import akka.event.EventStream
import com.typesafe.config.Config
import akka.util.ReflectiveAccess
import akka.serialization.SerializationExtension

final case class Envelope(val message: Any, val sender: ActorRef)(system: ActorSystem) {
  if (message.isInstanceOf[AnyRef]) {
    val msg = message.asInstanceOf[AnyRef]
    if (msg eq null) throw new InvalidMessageException("Message is null")
    if (system.settings.SerializeAllMessages && !msg.isInstanceOf[NoSerializationVerificationNeeded]) {
      val ser = SerializationExtension(system)
      ser.serialize(msg) match { //Verify serializability
        case Left(t) ⇒ throw t
        case Right(bytes) ⇒ ser.deserialize(bytes, msg.getClass, None) match { //Verify deserializability
          case Left(t) ⇒ throw t
          case _       ⇒ //All good
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

object SystemMessage {
  @tailrec
  final def size(list: SystemMessage, acc: Int = 0): Int = {
    if (list eq null) acc else size(list.next, acc + 1)
  }

  @tailrec
  final def reverse(list: SystemMessage, acc: SystemMessage = null): SystemMessage = {
    if (list eq null) acc else {
      val next = list.next
      list.next = acc
      reverse(next, list)
    }
  }
}

/**
 * System messages are handled specially: they form their own queue within
 * each actor’s mailbox. This queue is encoded in the messages themselves to
 * avoid extra allocations and overhead. The next pointer is a normal var, and
 * it does not need to be volatile because in the enqueuing method its update
 * is immediately succeeded by a volatile write and all reads happen after the
 * volatile read in the dequeuing thread. Afterwards, the obtained list of
 * system messages is handled in a single thread only and not ever passed around,
 * hence no further synchronization is needed.
 *
 * ➡➡➡ NEVER SEND THE SAME SYSTEM MESSAGE OBJECT TO TWO ACTORS ⬅⬅⬅
 */
sealed trait SystemMessage extends PossiblyHarmful {
  @transient
  var next: SystemMessage = _
}
case class Create() extends SystemMessage // send to self from Dispatcher.register
case class Recreate(cause: Throwable) extends SystemMessage // sent to self from ActorCell.restart
case class Suspend() extends SystemMessage // sent to self from ActorCell.suspend
case class Resume() extends SystemMessage // sent to self from ActorCell.resume
case class Terminate() extends SystemMessage // sent to self from ActorCell.stop
case class Supervise(child: ActorRef) extends SystemMessage // sent to supervisor ActorRef from ActorCell.start
case class ChildTerminated(child: ActorRef) extends SystemMessage // sent to supervisor from ActorCell.doTerminate
case class Link(subject: ActorRef) extends SystemMessage // sent to self from ActorCell.watch
case class Unlink(subject: ActorRef) extends SystemMessage // sent to self from ActorCell.unwatch

final case class TaskInvocation(eventStream: EventStream, runnable: Runnable, cleanup: () ⇒ Unit) extends Runnable {
  def run() {
    try {
      runnable.run()
    } catch {
      // TODO catching all and continue isn't good for OOME, ticket #1418
      case e ⇒ eventStream.publish(Error(e, "TaskInvocation", this.getClass, e.getMessage))
    } finally {
      cleanup()
    }
  }
}

object ExecutionContext {
  implicit def defaultExecutionContext(implicit system: ActorSystem): ExecutionContext = system.dispatcher

  /**
   * Creates an ExecutionContext from the given ExecutorService
   */
  def fromExecutorService(e: ExecutorService): ExecutionContext = new WrappedExecutorService(e)

  /**
   * Creates an ExecutionContext from the given Executor
   */
  def fromExecutor(e: Executor): ExecutionContext = new WrappedExecutor(e)

  private class WrappedExecutorService(val executor: ExecutorService) extends ExecutorServiceDelegate with ExecutionContext

  private class WrappedExecutor(val executor: Executor) extends Executor with ExecutionContext {
    override final def execute(runnable: Runnable): Unit = executor.execute(runnable)
  }
}

/**
 * An ExecutionContext is essentially the same thing as a java.util.concurrent.Executor
 * This interface/trait exists to decouple the concept of execution from Actors & MessageDispatchers
 * It is also needed to provide a fallback implicit default instance (in the companion object).
 */
trait ExecutionContext {

  /**
   * Submits the runnable for execution
   */
  def execute(runnable: Runnable): Unit
}

object MessageDispatcher {
  val UNSCHEDULED = 0 //WARNING DO NOT CHANGE THE VALUE OF THIS: It relies on the faster init of 0 in AbstractMessageDispatcher
  val SCHEDULED = 1
  val RESCHEDULED = 2

  implicit def defaultDispatcher(implicit system: ActorSystem): MessageDispatcher = system.dispatcher
}

abstract class MessageDispatcher(val prerequisites: DispatcherPrerequisites) extends AbstractMessageDispatcher with Serializable with Executor with ExecutionContext {

  import MessageDispatcher._
  import AbstractMessageDispatcher.{ inhabitantsUpdater, shutdownScheduleUpdater }
  import prerequisites._

  /**
   *  Creates and returns a mailbox for the given actor.
   */
  protected[akka] def createMailbox(actor: ActorCell): Mailbox

  /**
   * Name of this dispatcher.
   */
  def name: String

  /**
   * Identifier of this dispatcher, corresponds to the full key
   * of the dispatcher configuration.
   */
  def id: String

  /**
   * Attaches the specified actor instance to this dispatcher
   */
  final def attach(actor: ActorCell): Unit = register(actor)

  /**
   * Detaches the specified actor instance from this dispatcher
   */
  final def detach(actor: ActorCell): Unit = try {
    unregister(actor)
  } finally {
    ifSensibleToDoSoThenScheduleShutdown()
  }

  final def execute(runnable: Runnable) {
    val invocation = TaskInvocation(eventStream, runnable, taskCleanup)
    inhabitantsUpdater.incrementAndGet(this)
    try {
      executeTask(invocation)
    } catch {
      case e ⇒
        inhabitantsUpdater.decrementAndGet(this)
        throw e
    }
  }

  @tailrec
  private final def ifSensibleToDoSoThenScheduleShutdown(): Unit = inhabitantsUpdater.get(this) match {
    case 0 ⇒
      shutdownScheduleUpdater.get(this) match {
        case UNSCHEDULED ⇒
          if (shutdownScheduleUpdater.compareAndSet(this, UNSCHEDULED, SCHEDULED)) {
            scheduleShutdownAction()
            ()
          } else ifSensibleToDoSoThenScheduleShutdown()
        case SCHEDULED ⇒
          if (shutdownScheduleUpdater.compareAndSet(this, SCHEDULED, RESCHEDULED)) ()
          else ifSensibleToDoSoThenScheduleShutdown()
        case RESCHEDULED ⇒ ()
      }
    case _ ⇒ ()
  }

  private def scheduleShutdownAction(): Unit = {
    // IllegalStateException is thrown if scheduler has been shutdown
    try scheduler.scheduleOnce(shutdownTimeout, shutdownAction) catch {
      case _: IllegalStateException ⇒ shutdown()
    }
  }

  private final val taskCleanup: () ⇒ Unit =
    () ⇒ if (inhabitantsUpdater.decrementAndGet(this) == 0) ifSensibleToDoSoThenScheduleShutdown()

  /**
   * If you override it, you must call it. But only ever once. See "attach" for only invocation
   */
  protected[akka] def register(actor: ActorCell) {
    inhabitantsUpdater.incrementAndGet(this)
  }

  /**
   * If you override it, you must call it. But only ever once. See "detach" for the only invocation
   */
  protected[akka] def unregister(actor: ActorCell) {
    inhabitantsUpdater.decrementAndGet(this)
    val mailBox = actor.mailbox
    mailBox.becomeClosed() // FIXME reschedule in tell if possible race with cleanUp is detected in order to properly clean up
    actor.mailbox = deadLetterMailbox
    mailBox.cleanUp()
  }

  private val shutdownAction = new Runnable {
    @tailrec
    final def run() {
      shutdownScheduleUpdater.get(MessageDispatcher.this) match {
        case UNSCHEDULED ⇒ ()
        case SCHEDULED ⇒
          try {
            if (inhabitantsUpdater.get(MessageDispatcher.this) == 0) //Warning, racy
              shutdown()
          } finally {
            shutdownScheduleUpdater.getAndSet(MessageDispatcher.this, UNSCHEDULED) //TODO perhaps check if it was modified since we checked?
          }
        case RESCHEDULED ⇒
          if (shutdownScheduleUpdater.compareAndSet(MessageDispatcher.this, RESCHEDULED, SCHEDULED))
            scheduleShutdownAction()
          else run()
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * When the dispatcher no longer has any actors registered, how long will it wait until it shuts itself down,
   * defaulting to your akka configs "akka.actor.default-dispatcher.shutdown-timeout" or default specified in
   * reference.conf
   */
  protected[akka] def shutdownTimeout: Duration

  /**
   * After the call to this method, the dispatcher mustn't begin any new message processing for the specified reference
   */
  def suspend(actor: ActorCell): Unit = {
    val mbox = actor.mailbox
    if (mbox.dispatcher eq this)
      mbox.becomeSuspended()
  }

  /*
   * After the call to this method, the dispatcher must begin any new message processing for the specified reference
   */
  def resume(actor: ActorCell): Unit = {
    val mbox = actor.mailbox
    if ((mbox.dispatcher eq this) && mbox.becomeOpen())
      registerForExecution(mbox, false, false)
  }

  /**
   *   Will be called when the dispatcher is to queue an invocation for execution
   */
  protected[akka] def systemDispatch(receiver: ActorCell, invocation: SystemMessage)

  /**
   *   Will be called when the dispatcher is to queue an invocation for execution
   */
  protected[akka] def dispatch(receiver: ActorCell, invocation: Envelope)

  /**
   * Suggest to register the provided mailbox for execution
   */
  protected[akka] def registerForExecution(mbox: Mailbox, hasMessageHint: Boolean, hasSystemMessageHint: Boolean): Boolean

  // TODO check whether this should not actually be a property of the mailbox
  protected[akka] def throughput: Int
  protected[akka] def throughputDeadlineTime: Duration

  @inline
  protected[akka] final val isThroughputDeadlineTimeDefined = throughputDeadlineTime.toMillis > 0
  @inline
  protected[akka] final val isThroughputDefined = throughput > 1

  protected[akka] def executeTask(invocation: TaskInvocation)

  /**
   * Called one time every time an actor is detached from this dispatcher and this dispatcher has no actors left attached
   * Must be idempotent
   */
  protected[akka] def shutdown(): Unit
}

/**
 * Base class to be used for hooking in new dispatchers into Dispatchers.
 */
abstract class MessageDispatcherConfigurator(val config: Config, val prerequisites: DispatcherPrerequisites) {

  /**
   * Returns an instance of MessageDispatcher given the configuration.
   * Depending on the needs the implementation may return a new instance for
   * each invocation or return the same instance every time.
   */
  def dispatcher(): MessageDispatcher

  /**
   * Returns a factory for the [[akka.dispatch.Mailbox]] given the configuration.
   * Default implementation instantiate the [[akka.dispatch.MailboxType]] specified
   * as FQCN in mailboxType config property. If mailboxType is unspecified (empty)
   * then [[akka.dispatch.UnboundedMailbox]] is used when capacity is < 1,
   * otherwise [[akka.dispatch.BoundedMailbox]].
   */
  def mailboxType(): MailboxType = {
    config.getString("mailboxType") match {
      case "" ⇒
        val capacity = config.getInt("mailbox-capacity")
        if (capacity < 1) UnboundedMailbox()
        else {
          val duration = Duration(config.getNanoseconds("mailbox-push-timeout-time"), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
          BoundedMailbox(capacity, duration)
        }
      case fqcn ⇒
        val constructorSignature = Array[Class[_]](classOf[Config])
        ReflectiveAccess.createInstance[MailboxType](fqcn, constructorSignature, Array[AnyRef](config)) match {
          case Right(instance) ⇒ instance
          case Left(exception) ⇒
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
              ("Cannot instantiate MailboxType [%s], defined in [%s], " +
                "make sure it has constructor with a [com.typesafe.config.Config] parameter")
                .format(fqcn, config.getString("id")), exception)
        }
    }
  }

  def configureThreadPool(
    config: Config,
    createDispatcher: ⇒ (ThreadPoolConfig) ⇒ MessageDispatcher): ThreadPoolConfigDispatcherBuilder = {
    import ThreadPoolConfigDispatcherBuilder.conf_?

    //Apply the following options to the config if they are present in the config

    ThreadPoolConfigDispatcherBuilder(createDispatcher, ThreadPoolConfig(daemonic = config getBoolean "daemonic"))
      .setKeepAliveTime(Duration(config getMilliseconds "keep-alive-time", TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS))
      .setAllowCoreThreadTimeout(config getBoolean "allow-core-timeout")
      .setCorePoolSizeFromFactor(config getInt "core-pool-size-min", config getDouble "core-pool-size-factor", config getInt "core-pool-size-max")
      .setMaxPoolSizeFromFactor(config getInt "max-pool-size-min", config getDouble "max-pool-size-factor", config getInt "max-pool-size-max")
      .configure(
        conf_?(Some(config getInt "task-queue-size") flatMap {
          case size if size > 0 ⇒
            Some(config getString "task-queue-type") map {
              case "array"       ⇒ ThreadPoolConfig.arrayBlockingQueue(size, false) //TODO config fairness?
              case "" | "linked" ⇒ ThreadPoolConfig.linkedBlockingQueue(size)
              case x             ⇒ throw new IllegalArgumentException("[%s] is not a valid task-queue-type [array|linked]!" format x)
            }
          case _ ⇒ None
        })(queueFactory ⇒ _.setQueueFactory(queueFactory)))
  }
}